RESUMO: A carne de frango é uma das principais fontes de proteína animal do mundo. Pesquisas indicam uma alta taxa de endogamia derivada de uma relativa ausência de subpopulações heterozigotas de frango de diferentes fornecedores. Marcadores moleculares podem fornecer informações para a base genética de frango consumido em áreas rurais, e ajudar a estabelecer um banco de dados de frango para qualidade e garantia do produto. A pesquisa bibliométrica compreende entre 1994 e 2018, a partir de cinco bancos de dados selecionados anteriormente: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus e Web of Science, usando os seguintes descritores: ‘microssatélites’, ‘SSR’, ‘ISSR’, ‘variabilidade genética’ e ‘diversidade genética’, todos eles associados a resultados de ‘galinha’ e / ou ‘aves’ o que resultou em 66 publicações científicas. As publicações foram então categorizadas de acordo com seus títulos para o uso de marcadores ISSR ou SSR. Eles também foram abordados pelos países, segundo o primeiro autor citado. Os dados das publicações obtidas apontam que os países com grande produção de carnes de frangos são os mais interessados no estudo da diversidade genética dessas espécies. Os marcadores SSR, devido à sua característica mais específica, são frequentemente aplicados à atribuição de diversidade genética, em comparação com o ISSR.

ABSTRACT: Poultry meat is a major source of animal protein in the world. Research indicates a high inbreeding rate derived from a relative absence of heterozygous subpopulations of chicken from different suppliers. Molecular markers can provide information for the genetic basis of chicken consumed in rural areas and help establishing a chicken database for product quality and warranty. The bibliometric research, comprises between 1994 and 2018, from five previously selected databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science, using the following descriptors: ‘microsatellites’, ‘SSR’, ‘ISSR’, ‘genetic variability’ and ‘genetic diversity’, all of them coupled to ‘chicken’ and/or ‘birds’ results in 66 scientific publications. The publications were then categorized according to their titles to the use of ISSR or SSR markers. They were also addressed by countries according first author cited. The publications data appointed that countries with the height production of poultry meat and hens are the most interested in the genetic diversity study of these species. The SSR markers, due to its more specific characteristic, are more frequently applied to genetic diversity assignment, compared to ISSR.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate live weight and carcass traits, from birth to slaughter, and meat quality of Nellore (NEL), Curraleiro Pé-Duro (CPD), and crossbred (F1) products in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Progenies from CPD, NEL, and their F1 crossbred (½ NEL + ½ CPD), a total of 252, males and females, from birth to 24 months of age, were evaluated in a comparative study in growth performance. The steers were sent to slaughter at 28 months of age and carcasses and meat quality were analyzed. After slaughter, carcass weight, dressing percentage and Longissimus dorsi area (rib eye area) were evaluated; an index was created by the relationship between these measures per hundred kg of chilled carcass produced. To assess meat quality, the shear force, water-holding capacity, color, brightness, pH, and cooking loss were investigated. Results obtained showed that month and year of birth were significant on growth, indicating influence of climatic variables. Nellore offspring was heavier than F1 and this was heavier than CPD throughout the study period, including the hot and cold carcass. No differences were found in dressing percentage among NEL and F1, but CPD and F1 showed a rib eye area and index significantly higher than NEL. The meat from CPD group presented a stronger red coloration than the others, but there was no significant difference in the remaining meat qualitative variables among the three groups. Curraleiro Pé-Duro and F1 crossbred produce more meat per 100 kg of carcass than Nellore in natural pasture of Piauí State.